![]() ![]() “But it also relentlessly demanded that Soviet people think about themselves in national terms, and it placed ethnicity at the center of Soviet politics.” “In many ways, the Bolsheviks’ nationality policy worked as intended-in the sense that it helped to integrate non-Russian peoples into the evolving Soviet state, society, economy and culture,” she says. Nearly 130 ethnic groups populated the vast country, which spanned 11 time zones.Īccording to Brigid O’Keeffe, professor of history at Brooklyn College, fears of nationalist revolts by non-Russians led the Bolsheviks in the early days of the Soviet Union to guarantee the right to national territories, native-language schools and cultural organizations while using those institutions to saturate the population with socialist values and practices. Founded in 1922 as a confederation of Russia, Belarus, Ukraine and Transcaucasia (comprised of Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia), the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) eventually grew to 15 republics-and a world-wide superpower.
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